Exercise with Cancer: Before, During, and After Treatment

Cancer is a challenging journey, both physically and mentally. While treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation are vital for combating the disease, the role of exercise in supporting cancer patients is increasingly recognized. Whether you’re preparing for treatment, currently undergoing it, or recovering afterward, exercise can play a crucial role in improving your quality of life. Here’s how exercise benefits cancer patients at each stage of their journey.

Before Treatment: Preparing the Body for the Fight

Preparing for cancer treatment, whether it’s surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation, can be daunting. Engaging in regular physical activity before treatment can provide numerous advantages, including:

• Boosting Physical Strength: Strengthening muscles and improving cardiovascular health can make your body more resilient. A well-conditioned body is better equipped to handle the demands of treatment and recover more quickly after procedures.
• Improved Mental Health: Facing a cancer diagnosis can cause significant stress and anxiety. Exercise releases endorphins, the “feel-good” hormones, which can help alleviate anxiety and improve mood.
• Better Immune System Function: Moderate-intensity exercise can support the immune system, which plays a key role in defending the body, especially when undergoing cancer treatment.
• Optimized Body Weight: Starting treatment at a healthy weight can reduce the risk of complications and improve overall outcomes. Exercise can help maintain or reach a healthy weight before starting treatment.

During Treatment: Enhancing Resilience

Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation can take a toll on the body, leading to fatigue, weakness, and emotional distress. Exercise during treatment, when done safely and appropriately, has been shown to provide several benefits:

• Managing Fatigue: Paradoxically, regular, low-intensity exercise can reduce cancer-related fatigue. Gentle activities such as walking, yoga, or swimming can boost energy levels, helping patients feel more capable of managing daily tasks.
• Preserving Muscle Mass: Chemotherapy and radiation can lead to muscle loss. Strength training exercises, even at a light intensity, can help maintain muscle mass, which is essential for overall function and mobility during treatment.
• Reducing Side Effects: Regular physical activity can help alleviate some of the common side effects of cancer treatment, including nausea, neuropathy, and pain. For example, light stretching or gentle yoga can relieve stiffness and improve flexibility.
• Improving Mood and Reducing Depression: Physical activity during treatment helps patients maintain a sense of control over their bodies. Exercise, even in short bursts, can reduce symptoms of depression and improve overall mood.
• Improved Blood Flow: Exercise enhances circulation, which can help the body process and eliminate toxins more efficiently, potentially speeding up recovery times between treatments.

After Treatment: Supporting Recovery and Beyond

After completing treatment, many cancer survivors face ongoing physical and emotional challenges. Exercise becomes an essential part of the recovery process and can help individuals regain strength and confidence. The post-treatment benefits of exercise include:

• Rebuilding Strength and Endurance: After the toll that cancer and its treatments can take on the body, exercise helps rebuild strength and cardiovascular endurance. This improves overall functionality and reduces the risk of future health complications.
• Weight Management: Many cancer survivors experience weight changes during treatment, either gaining or losing significant amounts. Regular exercise helps stabilize body weight and reduce the risk of other weight-related conditions like heart disease and diabetes.
• Reducing Recurrence Risk: Emerging research suggests that maintaining a physically active lifestyle post-treatment may lower the risk of cancer recurrence, especially in breast, colon, and prostate cancer survivors. Exercise is believed to regulate hormones and improve immune system function, both of which can play a role in reducing cancer risks.
• Enhancing Mental Well-being: Cancer treatment can leave lasting emotional scars. Engaging in regular physical activity helps manage anxiety and depression, fostering a sense of normalcy and control over one’s body again.
• Improving Long-term Health: Exercise contributes to overall health by promoting better sleep, improving digestion, and enhancing cardiovascular health, which are all important for cancer survivors as they transition back to their daily lives.

Types of Exercise Suitable for Cancer Patients

Not all exercises are suitable for everyone, especially those undergoing or recovering from cancer treatment. The type and intensity of exercise should be tailored to the individual’s condition, treatment phase, and overall fitness level. Some safe and effective options include:

• Aerobic Exercise: Activities like walking, cycling, swimming, or dancing can improve heart and lung function, increase energy levels, and boost mood.
• Strength Training: Using appropriate weights or resistance bands can help maintain muscle mass and improve bone density, which is crucial for long-term mobility and health.
• Flexibility and Balance Exercises: Gentle stretching, yoga, or tai chi can improve flexibility, reduce stiffness, and enhance balance, which may be especially important for those experiencing neuropathy or weakness after treatment.
• Breathing Exercises: Particularly beneficial for those recovering from lung or abdominal surgeries, deep breathing exercises can help restore lung function and reduce stress.

Conclusion

Before starting any exercise program, cancer patients should visit our team to ensure activity is safe and appropriate. Working with our cancer trained physiotherapist or exercise physiologist we will creating a tailored plan that maximizes benefits while minimizing risks.

Exercise is a powerful tool for cancer patients, offering significant physical and emotional benefits before, during, and after treatment. From improving treatment tolerance to supporting recovery and long-term health, regular physical activity can enhance quality of life at every stage of the cancer journey. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or navigating life as a survivor, incorporating safe and tailored exercise into your routine can help you feel stronger, more resilient, and more empowered.

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